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Exercise 239
Two equilateral triangles of side length $6$ centimeters are placed inside an $8$-by-$6$-centimeter rectangle. A side of each triangle coincides with one of the rectangle's opposite $6$-centimeter sides. What is the area of the triangles' intersection?
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Solution
  1. The intersection is a rhombus. Its horizontal diagonal runs between the triangle tips, so its length is $3\sqrt3-(8-3\sqrt3)=6\sqrt3-8$.
  2. At the midpoint $x=4$ between the rectangle's opposite $6$-centimeter sides, the slanted sides meet at $y=3\pm(3-4/\sqrt3)$. Thus the vertical diagonal is $6-8/\sqrt3$.
  3. The area is half the product of the diagonals:
    $$[\text{intersection}]=\frac12(6\sqrt3-8)(6-8/\sqrt3)=\frac{86\sqrt3}{3}-48$$
    square centimeters.
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